Biodegradable polyester platform for extrusion-based bioprinting

3D extrusion-based bioprinting has become an emerging tissue engineering technology to produce complex biomimetic structures for a reconstitution of living tissues. Simultaneous dispensing of two and more (bio)polymer materials affords the fabrication of functional 3D constructions displaying both bioactivity (bioink) and defined architecture and shape (scaffold frame). To fabricate biocompatible and biodegradable 3D scaffolds, aliphatic (co)polyesters are the materials of first choice. Recent progress has shown that the function of the polyester's frame can be expanded from contemporary mechanical support to a composite matrix with smart stimuli-responsive behavior. Consequently, it opens new avenues in the fabrication of multifunctional scaffolds, which can be designed as dynamic systems and/or delivery systems for bioactive molecules in situ. This minireview is focused on utilizing the most attractive representatives of aliphatic polyesters in the areas of bioartificial tissue/organ 3D and 4D bioprinting.